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| Michael E. Baker; David J. Chang; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana. |
| Lamprey, a basal vertebrate, contains orthologs of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and corticoid receptor. A perplexing property of lamprey is that 15[alpha]-hydroxy-steroids are active steroids. For example, 15[alpha]-hydroxy-estradiol [15[alpha]-OH-E2] is the estrogen, instead of estradiol (E2). To investigate how 15[alpha]-OH-E2 binds lamprey ER, we constructed a 3D model of the lamprey ER with E2 and 15[alpha]-OH-E2. Our 3D model shows that S[delta] on Met-409 can form a hydrogen bond with the 15[alpha]-hydroxyl on 15[alpha]-OH-E2. In human ER[alpha], the corresponding residue Ile-424 has a van der Waals contact with 15[alpha]-OH-E2. BLAST analysis of GenBank indicates that among vertebrate ERs, only lamprey ER contains a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2768/version/1 |
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| Michael E. Baker; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana. |
| *Background.* The origins of steroid-dependent regulation of the vertebrate estrogen receptor (ER) are poorly understood. Genes with statistically significant sequence similarity to vertebrate ERs have been found in lamprey, a basal vertebrate, and amphioxus, a basal chordate. Motif analysis of these sequences provides an opportunity to investigate early events in the evolution of the ER.
*Results.* We used artificial intelligence-based software to construct twelve motifs specific to the estrogen-binding domain of ER[alpha] and ER[beta] in land vertebrates and teleosts. We mapped these ER-specific motifs onto the sequences of lamprey, amphioxus, invertebrate and selected vertebrate ERs and amphioxus, Ciona and human estrogen-related... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1542/version/2 |
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| Michael E. Baker; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana. |
| *Background.* The origins of steroid-dependent regulation of the vertebrate estrogen receptor (ER) are poorly understood. Genes with statistically significant sequence similarity to vertebrate ERs have been found in lamprey, a basal vertebrate, and amphioxus, a basal chordate. Motif analysis of these sequences provides an opportunity to investigate early events in the evolution of the ER.
*Results.* We used artificial intelligence-based software to construct twelve motifs specific to the estrogen-binding domain of ER[alpha] and ER[beta] in land vertebrates and teleosts. We mapped these ER-specific motifs onto the sequences of lamprey, amphioxus, invertebrate and selected vertebrate ERs and amphioxus and human estrogen-related receptor... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1542/version/1 |
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